Guides

SMB, AFP or NFS: which protocol to reach your NAS

Your NAS offers SMB, AFP and NFS and you just want to connect. Here's what each one is for, why SMB is the safe default on Windows, Mac and Linux today, and when NFS still makes sense.


Open your NAS settings and you're offered SMB, AFP and NFS, sometimes all switched on, with no hint about which one you should actually use. You just want your computer to see the files. The good news is that for almost everyone the answer is simple, and the other options only matter in specific cases.

What each protocol is for

SMB is the universal one. It's built into Windows, macOS and Linux, so a single protocol lets every machine in the house reach the NAS. AFP is Apple's older file-sharing protocol, designed back when Macs needed their own path to a server. NFS comes from the Unix world and is common on Linux, where it's valued for performance and its permission model.

Why SMB is the default worth choosing

For a normal mix of computers, SMB is the one to turn on and leave on. It works everywhere without extra software, it handles the file names and characters people actually use, and it's the protocol NAS makers themselves treat as standard. There's rarely a reason to complicate things beyond it.

Where AFP and NFS still fit

AFP is fading. Apple has used SMB as the default on macOS for years and has deprecated AFP, so on a current Mac there's no benefit to it and some risk of quirks. Keep it only if an old device genuinely needs it. NFS earns its place in Unix and Linux setups, and for things like hosting virtual machine storage, where its speed and permissions are a good match. For a household of Windows and Mac machines, it's more configuration than it repays.

What this means for your tools

Because SMB is the common tongue, an app that speaks it fits anywhere: any of the three operating systems, any brand of NAS. That's the approach NAS Ranger takes, which is part of why it's built the way it is. It connects over SMB, so the same app cleans a Synology from a Mac or a QNAP from a Windows PC without changing anything.

Try it free: connect over SMB from whatever computer you have and scan your NAS for duplicates, no protocol juggling required.

FAQ

Which protocol should I use to connect to my NAS?
SMB, in almost every case. It's supported natively by Windows, macOS and Linux, so one protocol covers every computer in the house. AFP is Apple's older option and is on its way out, and NFS is mainly for Unix and Linux setups.
Isn't AFP better for a Mac?
It used to be, but Apple has moved on. macOS has used SMB as its default file-sharing protocol for years and has deprecated AFP. On a current Mac, connecting over SMB is the normal, well-supported path.
When does NFS make sense?
NFS shines in Unix and Linux environments, and for things like virtual machine storage where its performance and permission model fit. For a mixed household of Windows and Mac machines, it's more setup than it's worth compared with SMB.
Does the protocol affect which apps I can use?
Yes. An app that speaks SMB works with essentially any NAS and any of the three main operating systems. NAS Ranger connects over SMB, so it runs the same on Windows, macOS and Linux, against any brand of NAS.